National Register Listing

Clay County Courthouse

Bounded by US 40, Harrison, Jackson, and Alabama Sts., Brazil, IN
Local significance of the building:
Architecture; Politics/government

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.

architecture politics government law courthouses buildings
The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, which hosts the Indy 500, was originally built as a test track for car manufacturers. The first race was held in 1909 and it has since become one of the most famous race tracks in the world.
Indiana random facts
Clay County, Indiana, located in the heart of the United States, has a vibrant and rich history that spans centuries. The area was home to Native American tribes, including the Miami and Delaware, before European settlers arrived in the early 19th century. In the early 1800s, the Treaty of St. Mary's opened the region for settlement, and pioneers flocked to Clay County in search of fertile land and opportunities.

The county was officially established in 1825, named after prominent statesman Henry Clay. Early settlers focused on agricultural endeavors, particularly farming and livestock. The region's fertile soil allowed for successful crop production, and Clay County became known for its thriving agriculture industry.

During the mid-19th century, the emergence of the railroad greatly impacted the county's growth and development. Rail lines connected Clay County to larger cities and markets, spurring economic growth and trade. With the railroad's arrival, industries like coal mining and brick manufacturing also flourished in the region. Clay County became a hub of activity, attracting new residents and businesses.

In the 20th century, Clay County faced challenges like many rural communities. However, the area's strong sense of community and perseverance allowed it to weather economic fluctuations and evolve. Today, Clay County continues to embrace its agricultural roots while also diversifying its economy with industries like manufacturing and healthcare. The county's rich history is celebrated through various museums and historical landmarks, showcasing the enduring legacy of its early settlers and the resilience of its community.

This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Clay County, Indiana.

  • 1825 - Clay County is established on February 12 as one of the original counties of Indiana.
  • 1838 - The town of Brazil is platted, becoming the county seat of Clay County.
  • 1850 - The county's population reaches over 9,000.
  • 1861-1865 - Clay County residents actively participate in the Civil War, with many serving in the Union Army.
  • 1866 - The first railroad, the Brazil and Southeastern Railway, is completed in Clay County.
  • 1875 - The Clay County Courthouse, still standing today, is constructed in Brazil.
  • 1917-1919 - Clay County residents serve in World War I, with contributions to the war effort on the home front as well.
  • 1930s-1940s - The Great Depression and World War II impact the county, causing economic challenges and changes in the local communities.
  • 1980s-1990s - Clay County experiences a decline in manufacturing jobs, leading to a shift towards a more diversified economy.
  • 2000s - Clay County focuses on economic development and revitalization efforts, including improvements to infrastructure and tourism initiatives.