Madison County Courthouse
a.k.a. 012085
E. Main St., Rexburg, ID Local significance of the building:Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.
The first known human settlement in Idaho dates back more than 12,000 years. Archaeological evidence shows that early Native American tribes lived in the region, and artifacts from these settlements can be found in museums throughout the state.
In the early 19th century, European explorers and fur trappers, such as John Colter and Jim Bridger, began to venture into the region. The first permanent settlement was established in 1863, when a group of Mormon pioneers led by Milton R. Merrill settled in the area. This marked the beginning of the agricultural development and the establishment of small towns such as Rexburg and Sugar City.
Over the years, Madison County experienced steady growth and development. The arrival of the railroad in 1898 played a significant role in supporting the local economy, as it allowed for easier transportation of goods and people. Agriculture became a major industry, with crops like wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets flourishing in the fertile soil.
Madison County faced challenges during the Great Depression, like many other areas in the United States. However, it managed to recover and continued to prosper. Today, the county is known for its vibrant communities, thriving agricultural sector, and the presence of Brigham Young University-Idaho, a prestigious educational institution that has further contributed to the county's economic growth and cultural vibrancy.
Madison County Timeline
This timeline provides a condensed summary of the historical journey of Madison County, Idaho.
- Established in 1913
- Named after James Madison, the fourth President of the United States
- Early settlers arrived in the mid-1800s
- 1883: First post office opened in Rexburg
- 1903: Madison County School District formed
- 1913: Madison County officially organized
- 1967: Teton Dam constructed in the southern part of the county
- 1976: Teton Dam collapsed, causing significant flooding
- 1999: Madison High School in Rexburg named a National Blue Ribbon School
- Present: Madison County known for its agriculture and outdoor recreational opportunities