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Caribou County, Idaho has a rich and fascinating history that begins with the arrival of indigenous tribes, including the Shoshone-Bannock and Shoshone tribes. These Native American groups were the first to inhabit the land, using it for hunting and gathering. The area was plentiful in resources, with an abundance of wildlife and water sources.

In the 1800s, European settlers began to make their way to Caribou County, attracted by the vast open spaces and opportunities for farming and ranching. The region was primarily used for grazing livestock and growing crops such as wheat and potatoes. The Oregon Trail, a famous pioneer route, passed through the county, bringing even more settlers and contributing to the development of the area.

Caribou County was officially established in 1919, named after the Caribou Mountains that dominate the landscape. The county continued to grow and prosper throughout the 20th century, with the construction of infrastructure, including roads and schools. As the population increased, industries such as mining and logging also played a role in the county's economy.

Today, Caribou County is known for its beautiful landscapes and outdoor recreational opportunities. Its proximity to national parks and forests attracts visitors who come to explore the stunning scenery and engage in various activities such as hiking, camping, and fishing. The county continues to honor and preserve its history through museums and historical sites, providing glimpses into its past for all who visit.