Trapper Nelson Zoo Historic District

Martin County, Florida, located on the east coast of the state, has a rich and diverse history that spans centuries. The region was initially inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Ais, Jaega, and Seminole people, who relied on the area's abundant natural resources for sustenance and trade. The Spanish were the first Europeans to explore the region in the 16th century, but it wasn't until the 19th century that permanent settlers began to establish communities in the area.

In the late 1800s, Martin County experienced a significant boom due to the construction of the Florida East Coast Canal (now the Intracoastal Waterway) and the Flagler Railroad, which connected the region to other major cities in Florida. This transportation infrastructure facilitated trade and commerce, leading to the establishment of towns such as Stuart, the county seat, and Hobe Sound. The area became known for its fertile farmland, particularly for growing citrus fruits like pineapple and oranges.

During the 20th century, Martin County saw both development and environmental preservation efforts. In the 1920s, the county experienced growth with the arrival of the Stuart Paper Company, a major employer that produced cardboard and paper products. The region's natural beauty and abundant wildlife also attracted tourists, leading to the establishment of state parks and wildlife refuges, such as Jonathan Dickinson State Park and Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge.

In recent decades, Martin County has faced challenges related to urbanization and environmental conservation. The county has strived to balance economic development with the preservation of its natural resources, including the sensitive ecosystems of the Indian River Lagoon and the St. Lucie River. Today, Martin County continues to be a desirable place to live, work, and visit, with its picturesque coastal towns, pristine beaches, and a commitment to environmental stewardship.