What are Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries are public libraries that were built with financial assistance from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. These libraries were funded by Carnegie's donations and were established across the United States and other countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who made a fortune in the steel industry during the late 19th century. He believed in the importance of education and donated a significant portion of his wealth to fund the construction of public libraries, known as Carnegie Libraries.

Why did Andrew Carnegie fund libraries?

Andrew Carnegie believed that access to knowledge and education was vital for individual and societal progress. He funded libraries as a way to provide free access to books and learning resources to communities, particularly those that lacked access to educational opportunities.

How many Carnegie Libraries were built?

Between 1883 and 1929, Carnegie's donations led to the construction of over 2,500 libraries worldwide. The majority of these libraries were built in the United States, with others in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

What was the process to receive funding for a Carnegie Library?

Communities seeking funding for a Carnegie Library had to submit a formal application to Carnegie's foundation, providing details about their need for a library, willingness to maintain the library, and plans for site selection and ongoing funding. Carnegie's foundation would then review the application and approve or deny the request.

What were the architectural features of Carnegie Libraries?

Carnegie Libraries often featured neoclassical architectural styles, reflecting the prevailing design preferences of the time. Many were designed by prominent architects and showcased features like grand entrances, decorative facades, and large reading rooms with high ceilings and natural light.

Were all Carnegie Libraries the same?

While Carnegie Libraries shared the common purpose of providing public access to books and knowledge, their sizes and designs varied depending on the community's needs and available funding. Some libraries were smaller, single-room facilities, while others were larger, multi-story buildings.

Are Carnegie Libraries still in use today?

Many Carnegie Libraries are still in use today, serving as public libraries, community centers, museums, or other cultural institutions. Some have undergone renovations or expansions to accommodate modern needs, while others remain relatively unchanged.

Did Carnegie Libraries have any specific requirements or conditions?

Carnegie's donations often came with conditions. For example, communities were expected to provide a suitable site for the library, commit to maintaining the facility, and allocate a portion of their annual budget for library operations. Additionally, racial segregation was sometimes enforced in Carnegie Libraries, reflecting the social norms of the era.

What is the legacy of Carnegie Libraries?

The Carnegie Library initiative had a significant impact on public library development worldwide. It expanded access to education, promoted literacy, and served as a model for future library systems. The libraries continue to play a crucial role in communities by providing free access to knowledge and fostering a love of reading.

Historical Marker

Roseville Carnegie Library

Historical marker location:

557 Lincoln Street, Roseville, California

( Marker is on Lincoln Street, on the right when traveling south.)

Marker installed: 1988

A brief timeline of the history of Carnegie Libraries

1881: Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, begins his philanthropic efforts in library construction by donating funds to build the Braddock Library in Pennsylvania.
1883: The first "Carnegie Library" is officially established in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie's birthplace. This library serves as a model for future Carnegie Libraries.
1886: Carnegie writes an article titled "Wealth," where he articulates his belief in philanthropy and the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society.
1889: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is established with the aim of funding the construction of libraries across the United States and other English-speaking countries.
1893: The first Carnegie Library in the United States, the Carnegie Library of Braddock in Pennsylvania, is opened to the public.
Late 1890s to early 1900s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries spreads rapidly throughout the United States and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The libraries are often designed by prominent architects and feature diverse architectural styles.
1901: The Carnegie Corporation of New York is founded as a philanthropic organization to manage and administer Andrew Carnegie's charitable projects, including the library program.
1902: Carnegie makes a significant endowment, donating $10 million to establish the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Institute includes a library, an art gallery, and a natural history museum.
1917: Andrew Carnegie dies, leaving a lasting legacy of philanthropy, including the establishment of thousands of libraries around the world.
1920s-1930s: The construction of Carnegie Libraries gradually slows down, and the focus shifts to maintaining and updating existing libraries to meet changing community needs.
Late 20th century to present: Many Carnegie Libraries undergo renovations, expansions, or repurposing to adapt to modern library services and technological advancements. Some continue to operate as public libraries, while others have been transformed into cultural centers, museums, community spaces, or educational institutions.

The Carnegie Libraries have left an indelible mark on the accessibility of knowledge and education. They remain a testament to Andrew Carnegie's belief in the power of libraries to uplift communities and provide opportunities for personal and intellectual growth.

The California Gold Rush of 1849 brought a huge influx of people to the state. In just two years, the population of San Francisco grew from 1,000 to 25,000. However, only a small percentage of gold-seekers actually struck it rich, and many ended up in debt or poverty.

About Placer County

Placer County, located in Northern California, has a rich history dating back thousands of years. The earliest inhabitants were the Nisenan Native American tribe, who thrived in the region for centuries before the arrival of European settlers. In the early 1840s, the area attracted gold seekers during the California Gold Rush, which led to the significant development and transformation of the county.

The discovery of gold in Placer County in 1848 sparked a massive influx of fortune seekers from around the world. Thousands of miners poured into the region, establishing camps and settlements along the rivers and creeks. The town of Auburn, founded in 1848, served as the county seat and quickly became a bustling mining hub. Placer County produced large quantities of gold, contributing to the wealth and economic growth of the area.

As the gold rush subsided, Placer County experienced a shift towards agriculture and logging. Farmers and ranchers settled in the fertile valleys, cultivating crops such as fruit, vegetables, and grains. The timber industry also played a significant role in the county's economy, with vast forests providing valuable resources for construction and development.

Over the years, Placer County adapted and diversified its economy. The completion of the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s brought increased connectivity and transportation options to the area. The tourism industry began to flourish in the 20th century, with visitors drawn to the natural beauty of Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada mountains. Today, Placer County is known for its picturesque landscapes, outdoor recreational opportunities, and vibrant communities that blend a rich history with modern amenities.

Placer County Timeline

This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Placer County, California.

1848: Gold is discovered in the American River, leading to the California Gold Rush.
1851: Placer County is established on April 25, 1851, becoming one of the original 27 counties of California.
1852: Auburn is designated as the county seat of Placer County.
1864: The Central Pacific Railroad reaches Auburn, providing access to transportation and stimulating economic growth.
1932: The Auburn Dam is proposed, but delays and controversies surrounding its construction persist for decades.
1960s: Suburbanization and population growth accelerate as Placer County becomes an attractive residential area for those working in Sacramento.
1994: The Auburn-Foresthill Bridge, spanning the North Fork American River Canyon, is completed, becoming the highest bridge in California.
2008: The state government designates a portion of Placer County as the Placer County Wine Region, recognizing its growing viticulture industry.