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Nevada County, located in southwestern Arkansas, has a rich history dating back to the 19th century. It was first settled by Native American tribes, including the Caddo and Quapaw, who relied on the resources of the Ouachita River and surrounding forests for their livelihoods. European exploration and trade with Native Americans began in the area in the early 1800s.

The county was officially established on March 20, 1871, and was named after the Spanish word for "snow-covered" due to its snowy winters. In the late 19th century, the discovery of minerals, including copper and diamonds, brought economic prosperity to the county. The Prairie Creek Mine, one of the largest copper mines in the region, operated from the late 1800s to the early 1900s and played a significant role in the county's growth.

During the early 20th century, agriculture became the backbone of Nevada County's economy, with cotton, soybeans, and timber being major crops. The county also saw a rise in the poultry industry in the mid-20th century, resulting in the establishment of several poultry processing plants. These industries contributed to the county's population growth and economic development.

Nevada County is also known for its cultural heritage, with the preservation of historic buildings and sites. Tourists can visit places like the Nevada County Depot Museum, which showcases the county's history and exhibits artifacts from its mining and agricultural past. Overall, Nevada County's history reflects the resilience of its residents and their ability to adapt to changing economic conditions over the years.