Zimmerscheidt-Leyendecker Cemetery
Historical marker location:Frederick A. Zimmerscheidt and his wife, Margaret, immigrated from Budesheim, Germany, to the Mexican state of Soahuila y Texas in 1832 and settled in what is now Colorado County. They left their only child, Josephine Barbara, to continue her education in Germany. Josephine married Johann Leyendecker, and in 1843 they joined the Zimmerscheidts in Texas. Johann and Josephine wrote to relatives describing their new home, and their letters likely influenced other German emigrants to come to Ttexas. Frederick was active in local education, signing an 1842 petition to incorporate Hermann University and deeding one acre for the Zimmerscheidt school in the 1850s. The Zimmerscheidts deeded 400 acres south of their home to their daughter and son-in-law in 1848. On their land, the Leyendeckers built their own home which stood for more than a century, being listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 before being destroyed by arson in 1983.
Although nearby Frelsburg had two churches and two cemeteries when Frederick Zimmerscheidt died in 1856, his family chose to bury him near his home. Margaret died in 1861 and was buried beside him. Their marble tombstone features a carved drapery with a closed book, which may signify the end of the name Zimmerscheidt, since family all carried the name Leyendecker. Family members interred here served in the military and in public office, including county government and the Texas legislature. J. F. Leyendecker is also noted as a horticulturist and for operation of Pearfield nursery from 1876 until his death in 1908. The cemetery is still in use, with burials limited to descendants, who gather annually for a family reunion. Their family cemetery is hallowed ground and a cultural treasure recalling German lives and traditions transplanted to Texas
As one of the most visible programs of the Texas Historical Commission (THC), historical markers commemorate diverse topics in Texas history, including: the history and architecture of houses, commercial and public buildings, religious congregations, and military sites; events that changed the course of local and state history; and individuals who have made lasting contributions to the state, community organizations, and businesses.
During the Republic of Texas era, Colorado County saw rapid growth and development. The county seat, Columbus, was established in 1839 and quickly became a major commercial center. The town served as an important stop on the Old San Felipe Road, a major transportation route connecting East and Central Texas. The discovery of oil and gas in the region in the early 20th century further fueled the county's growth and economic prosperity.
Colorado County played an important role during the Civil War. Many residents of German descent who settled in the county were Union sympathizers, while others supported the Confederacy. The county witnessed several skirmishes and military actions, including the Battle of Columbus in 1862, when Confederate forces repelled a Union raid. After the war, the county slowly rebuilt its economy and infrastructure.
In the 20th century, Colorado County diversified its economy beyond agriculture. The discovery of oil and gas led to the development of a thriving energy industry, and manufacturing and services sectors also grew. Today, Colorado County is a mix of suburban and rural areas, with agriculture, oil and gas, and tourism forming the pillars of its economy. The county continues to preserve its historical sites and celebrate its diverse heritage, attracting visitors from across the state and beyond.
Colorado County Timeline
This timeline provides a glimpse into the major events and milestones that have shaped the history of Colorado County, Texas.
- 1821: The area that would become Colorado County, TX is included in Austin's Colony, established by the Mexican government.
- 1835: The area plays a role in the Texas Revolution as volunteers from Colorado County participate in the Battle of Gonzales.
- 1837: Colorado County is officially established as a county in the Republic of Texas.
- 1838: Columbus is selected as the county seat.
- 1846: Colorado County is incorporated into the state of Texas as it becomes part of the United States.
- 1850s: The county experiences rapid growth as more settlers move into the area, establishing farms and ranches.
- 1861: With the outbreak of the Civil War, many residents of Colorado County actively support the Confederacy.
- 1870s: The county's economy starts to diversify with the discovery of oil, leading to the establishment of oil wells and refineries.
- 1935: The Lower Colorado River Authority is established, and dams are constructed in the area for flood control and water supply.
- 1970s: Colorado County experiences an agricultural decline as farming becomes less profitable.
- 1997: The Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Center for the Performing Arts is opened in Austin, providing a cultural center for the region.