National Register Listings in

Washington County, Ohio

Located in the southeastern region of Ohio, Washington County has a rich and diverse history dating back thousands of years. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Adena and Hopewell cultures, who left behind numerous earthworks and burial mounds. European settlement began in the late 18th century, with the establishment of Marietta, which became the first permanent settlement in the Northwest Territory in 1788.

During the early years of settlement, the region experienced conflicts between Native American tribes and settlers. The Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794 marked a turning point, leading to the Treaty of Greenville and the ceding of Native American lands in the area. This allowed for further growth and development of the region. Washington County became an important center for agriculture, trade, and river transportation due to its location along the Ohio River, with Marietta serving as a key trading port.

In the 19th century, Washington County played a significant role in the Underground Railroad, with various anti-slavery activists and abolitionists providing refuge and assistance to freedom seekers. The county also experienced economic advancements during this period, with the development of industries such as oil, iron, and salt. Oil was discovered in the area in the late 19th century, leading to a boom in oil production and the establishment of refineries.

In the 20th century, Washington County continued to evolve, with the growth of manufacturing and tourism industries. The area's historical significance remains cherished, with various historic sites and landmarks showcasing its rich past. Today, Washington County is a vibrant community that blends its historical heritage with modern amenities, offering a diverse range of recreational activities, cultural events, and a strong sense of community pride.