Historical Marker

St. Paul Industrial Training School

Historical marker location:
Caney City, Texas
( SW corner of FM 1214 and Barron Rd.)
Marker installed: 2008

The historic St. Paul community, a self-sufficient African American settlement, became renowned for its school and its remarkable husband and wife educators. James Willliam Smothers (1896-1975) of Mt. Meggs, Alabama, was a graduate of Hampton Institute (Virginia) and Prairie View College. Alice Olenza Wingfield (1899-2000) of Greenville, Alabama, graduated from Tuskegee Institute (Alabama). Her father established the first institution for underprivileged Afriecan American children in Greenville, influencing young Alice.

James and Alice married in 1926 and came to Henderson County to organize St. Paul Industrial Training School. The state department of education had asked Hampton Institute to provide a teacher of scientific agriculture. J.W. As Superintendent and Alice as Principal arrived to find a small schoolhouse for 12 students. Children began arriving from across Texas, and through assistance from the state and benefactors, the campus grew. On Decemeber 26, 1942, a tornado leveled all the school buildings. Undanted, the teachers and students retrieved the lumber and made temporaray buildings. J.W. focused on improving the school's crop and livestock yields to consume and sell for profit. Alice began statewide fundraising, and philanthropists helped build a permanent campus of brick buildings.

Beyond the regular curriculum, children learned practical skills in home economics, food canning, blacksmithing, sewing and typing, as well as instruction in music and voice. By the time the school closed in the 1980s, the Smothers and their teachers had served thousands of minority students. J.W. taught young people that "if youn can't read, people will lie to you. If you can't count, they will cheat you. If you are weak, they will push you around, and if you are jittery, the world will keep you jumping." (2008).