National Register Listing

Rayburn, Samuel T., House

a.k.a. The Home Place;Sam Rayburn House Museum

1.5 mi. W of Bonham on U.S. 82, Bonham, TX

The Sam Rayburn House, known as the "Home Place," was Rayburn's residence for more than forty-five years and is closely associated with his life as a United States Congressman. Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn was a member of the United States House of Representatives for forty-eight years and was Speaker of the House from 1940 to 1961.

Rayburn was born on January 6, 1882, on a farm near Kingston, Roane County, Tennessee. In 1887, his family moved to Fannin County, Texas, near Windom. One of eleven children, he lived under the somewhat matriarchal influence of his intellectual, politically motivated mother, Martha Waller Rayburn. Sam Rayburn received his elementary education in Burnet and later worked his way through school at Mayo Normal (a school for training elementary teachers) in Commerce, Texas. He taught rural school. for two years before, and three years after getting his B. S. degree. He was elected to the Texas Legislature in 1907 and was a member of the State House of Representatives from 1907 to 1913. He was Speaker of the House in 1912-1913. While serving in the Texas Legislature, he was able to attend the University of Texas and received his law degree in 1908. In 1913, at the age of thirty-one, he became a United States Congressman. He was reelected to that position twenty-five consecutive times by his constituency in the Fourth Congressional District. He was elected as a Democrat to the 63rd Congress of the United States for the term beginning on March 4, 1913, and took the oath of office as a member of the House of Representatives on April 7, 1913, when Congress was called into extraordinary session by the newly elected President Woodrow Wilson. Rayburn served continuously from the 63rd to the 87th Congress.

In the 75th and 76th Congresses (1937-1940) he served as majority leader. On September 16, 1940, he was elected Speaker of the House to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Speaker William B. Bankhead of Alabama. Rayburn was reelected Speaker in the 77th, 78th, and 79th Congresses.

He was Minority Leader in the 80th Congress and the 83rd. The 81st Congress and every Congress up to the 87th (except the 83rd) reelected him to the Speakership.

As a legislator, Rayburn was instrumental in the passage of farm bills, the Rural Electrification Act, the Securities and Exchange Act, the Railroad Holding Company Act, the Utility Holding Company Act, Truth in Securities Act, and the Federal Communications Act.
Rayburn, a politician of national stature, avoided regional- ism and sectionalism in public questions of government. In his maiden Congressional speech in 1913, Sam Rayburn announced his mission in life: "It is now my sole purpose here to help enact such wise and just laws that our common country will by virtue of these laws be a happier and more prosperous country".

Sam Rayburn died November 16, 1961, at the age of seventy-nine, in Bonham, Texas.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1965.

Local significance of the building:
Politics/government

Listed in National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation’s historic places worthy of preservation. Authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the National Park Service’s National Register of Historic Places is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect America’s historic and archeological resources.