National Register Listings in

Harding County, New Mexico

Harding County, located in northeastern New Mexico, has a rich and unique history. It was originally inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache. The area later became part of Spanish colonial territories in the 18th century, when it was known as Santa Rosa and served as a stopping point along the Santa Fe Trail. In the mid-19th century, the land was acquired by the United States as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and was opened up to settlement.

The town of Roy, now the county seat, was founded in 1916 as a result of coal mining activities in the area. The discovery of coal brought an influx of workers and businesses, leading to the development of additional towns, such as Mills, Harding, and Gallegos. The coal mining industry played a crucial role in the county's economy for several decades, but it began to decline in the mid-20th century, leading to a gradual decrease in population.

Harding County is also known for its ranching heritage. Cattle and sheep ranching have been significant industries in the area since the 19th century. Many families still maintain ranches in the county, which contributes to its rural character and picturesque landscapes. The county's agricultural sector has diversified over time to include crops like hay, oats, and wheat.

Today, Harding County remains a small, rural community with a population of approximately 700 people. The county's vast open spaces, rugged terrain, and abundance of wildlife make it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. It is also home to natural landmarks, such as Kiowa National Grassland and Mills Canyon Park, offering opportunities for hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing. While its economy has shifted away from coal mining, the county retains its agricultural roots and continues to embrace its western heritage.