National Register Listings in

Harper County, Kansas

Harper County, located in southern Kansas, has a rich history that dates back to the mid-1800s. The area was first inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Kansa and Osage, who relied on the abundant wildlife and fertile land for their sustenance. However, as European settlers began to expand westward, conflicts arose, leading to the displacement of the native populations.

In 1873, Harper County was officially established, named after the governor of Kansas at the time, Marion Harper. The region quickly became an important hub for trade and agriculture, thanks to its prime location along the Chisholm Trail. Cattle drives into Texas and neighboring states brought prosperity to the area, attracting more settlers to the growing communities within the county.

The late 19th century saw the arrival of railroads, which further boosted Harper County's economic development. The construction of the Santa Fe Railroad in the 1880s created new opportunities for trade and transportation, allowing goods and people to easily flow in and out of the county. This led to the establishment of additional towns, such as Anthony and Harper, which continued to thrive as agricultural centers.

Throughout the 20th century, Harper County faced its share of challenges, including the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl. However, the resilient spirit of the residents allowed them to overcome these difficulties and adapt to changing circumstances. Today, Harper County remains an important agricultural area, with farming and ranching still playing a vital role in the local economy. The county also offers various recreational opportunities, such as Lake Harper and the Flinthills Nature Trail, attracting visitors and contributing to its continued growth and prosperity.