Peter Skene Ogden

Malheur County, located in the southeastern part of Oregon, has a rich and diverse history. The region was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Northern Paiute and Bannock tribes, who relied on the land for hunting, gathering, and fishing. In the early 19th century, European-American explorers and fur trappers began to venture into the area, trading with the Native Americans and establishing small settlements.

During the 1860s, the discovery of gold in the area brought a surge of population and economic activity to Malheur County. Mining camps sprang up, and the county's largest city, Ontario, was founded in 1862. However, as the gold rush faded, the economy shifted from mining to agricultural pursuits, including cattle ranching, wheat farming, and fruit orchards.

Throughout its history, Malheur County played a crucial role in the development of transportation infrastructure in Oregon. The Oregon Short Line Railroad, completed in the late 19th century, connected Ontario to major cities and markets, facilitating trade and population growth. The county became an important transportation hub for agricultural products and other goods.

In the 20th century, Malheur County faced challenges and changes. The construction of the Owyhee Dam in the 1920s brought irrigation to the region, allowing for expanded agricultural production. However, the Great Depression and other economic downturns impacted the county's prosperity. Over the years, Malheur County has continued to evolve, adapting to changes in industries and demographics. Today, it remains a vital agricultural region and a gateway to outdoor recreational activities, such as birdwatching and exploring the diverse landscapes of Malheur National Wildlife Refuge.